Jawa 250 Type 559- The Iconic ‘Panelka’

The Jawa 250 Type 559, affectionately known as “Panelka”, was a popular standard motorcycle produced by Jawa Motors between 1962 and 1974.
It succeeded the much-loved Jawa 250 Type 353 and was later replaced by the Jawa 250 Type 592.

The Type 559 marked a major step forward in design and features.
Notably, it was the first 250cc Jawa model to earn the nickname Panelka, derived from its distinctive instrument panel design.

Key Design Highlights:

• The headlamp nacelle was extended, reaching almost to the ends of the handlebars.
• Instead of the classic circular speedometer, the Panelka introduced an oval-shaped speedometer for a fresher, more modern look.
• For better security, the older PAL ignition switches (which used a simple nail-type key) were replaced with a FAB switch box, offering stronger, tamper-resistant keys.
• As with earlier Jawa models, the rear tail lamp continued the tradition of a translucent red plastic cover, maintaining classic styling cues.

Performance and Engine:

The engine on the Type 559 was a clear improvement over its predecessor:

• Power Output: 14 hp (10 KW), an upgrade from the 12 hp (8.9 kW) found on the Jawa 353.
• Enhanced Components: A redesigned piston and cylinder were used, featuring larger intake ports for better breathing and performance.
• The carburetor was now mounted directly onto the cylinder, improving throttle response.
• The choke mechanism was cleverly linked to the throttle grip, making cold starts more rider-friendly.

Variants of Jawa 250 Type 559:

Model	Year of Production	Notable Features
Jawa 250 Type 559 model 02	1965	Early production model with updated panel design
Jawa 250 Type 559 model 03	1963–1964	Limited production; transitional model
Jawa 250 Type 559 model 04	1964–1974	Most widespread version; seen in many international markets
Jawa 250 Type 559 model 05	Late 1960s	Featured automatic centrifugal clutch for easier gear changes
Jawa 250 Type 559 model 06	Early 1970s	Minor updates to styling and mechanics

Technical Specifications:

Specification	Details
Model Name	Jawa 250 Type 559 (B-Type)
Production Years	Approx. 1962 – 1974 (in India)
Engine	2-stroke, single-cylinder, air-cooled
Displacement	249 cc
Bore x Stroke	65 mm x 65 mm (square engine)
Compression Ratio	6.8:1
Maximum Power	~14 BHP @ 4750 RPM
Top Speed	Around 110 km/h
Ignition	Contact breaker (CB) points
Fuel System	Jikov carburetor
Gearbox	4-speed manual (rotary shift pattern)
Starting System	Kick start
Chassis	Tubular steel frame
Front Suspension	Telescopic hydraulic forks
Rear Suspension	Twin shock absorbers
Brakes	Drum (front and rear)
Fuel Tank Capacity	~13 liters
Kerb Weight	~135 kg

Historical Significance:

• The Type 559 marked a transition from the earlier Type 353 (A-Type) with better engineering and a sleeker design.
• It featured a more rounded headlamp nacelle (called the “Panelka” in Czechoslovakia) and a longer fuel tank, improving rider comfort and aesthetics.
• This model is widely known for its robust build, reliability, and unique “ring-ding” exhaust sound.
• It was one of the last models before the Yezdi range took over in India in the late 1970s.
• The 559 was widely used for both civilian and military purposes in India, known for surviving tough road conditions.

Advantages:

• Durability: Extremely well-built and could handle rough terrains with ease.
• Smooth Ride: Telescopic suspension offered great ride comfort for its era.
• Iconic Sound: Its two-stroke “ring-ding” exhaust note is still legendary among fans.
• Simple Mechanics: Easy to repair and maintain with basic mechanical knowledge.
• Classic Design: A collector’s favorite due to its timeless, vintage styling.
• Torque-Rich Performance: Pulls strongly in mid-range, great for city and rural roads.

Disadvantages:

• Fuel Efficiency: 2-stroke engines are not very fuel efficient (~30–35 km/l).
• Environmental Concerns: Emits more smoke and pollutants than modern bikes.
• Spare Parts Availability: Original parts are increasingly rare and expensive.
• Kick-Start Only: No electric start, which can be inconvenient.
• Heavy Clutch: The clutch lever is stiff compared to modern standards.
• Vibration at High Speeds: Not ideal for highway cruising at modern speeds.

Maintenance Tips (Classic Care):

• Engine Oil Mix:
  • Use 2T oil mixed with petrol in correct ratio (approx. 1:25 or as per manual).
  • Always pre-mix fuel unless a separate oil pump is installed.
• Spark Plug Care:
  • Clean or replace spark plugs every 1000–1500 km.
  • Use NGK B8HS or equivalent spark plugs.
• Carburetor Maintenance:
  • Clean the Jikov carburetor regularly to prevent clogging.
  • Use high-quality fuel to avoid residues.
• Brake Drum Adjustment:
  • Regularly check brake shoe wear and cable tension.
  • Lubricate moving parts to maintain responsiveness.
• Chain and Sprocket:
  • Clean and lubricate chain every 500 km.
  • Inspect for slack or wear and replace if needed.
• Clutch & Gearbox:
  • Keep clutch cable tension optimal to avoid slipping or dragging.
  • Use recommended SAE 30 engine oil in the gearbox.
• Storage Tips:
  • If storing for long, drain fuel and fog the cylinder to prevent rust.
  • Keep under cover and elevate wheels to avoid flat spots.
• Electricals:
  • Check 6V battery and CB points regularly.
  • Replace headlamp bulbs with vintage-compatible units.